Heap leaching of low grade ores with sulfuric acid was performed on a large scale at Wismut's Gessental-pile at Ronneburg (7 million tonnes) and in Königstein (2 million tonnes).

http://tw.strahlen.org/fundorte.html

http://www.wolkersdorfer.info/projects/Lydia_txt.htm

Harz mountains

: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mining_in_the_Upper_Harz (incl. ponds and channels)

St Andreasberg:

http://www.mindat.org/loc-240571.html (silver slag heaps)

http://www.mindat.org/loc-13516.html (lead/copper ores)

http://www.lehrbergwerk.de/content/view/111/90/ (silver/copper/lead ores)

Abandoned quarry Located 1.5 km south of St Andreasberg. http://www.mindat.org/loc-21475.html

Herzog Julius smelter (slag locality), Astfeld, Harz http://www.mindat.org/loc-6026.html

slag heaps: http://www.raymond-faure.com/Bergbau/Lautenthal_Bergbau.html http://www.raymond-faure.com/Bergbau/Innerstetal_Harz.html 2x large slag heaps (scroll down): http://www.raymond-faure.com/Bergbau/Sangerhausen_Bergbau.html

misc

Copper mine, Thalitter, Vöhl, Hesse, Germany: http://www.mindat.org/loc-16714.html

Uraninite Locations:

http://www.mindat.org/minlocsearch.php?frm_id=mls&cform_is_valid=1&cf_mls_page=1&minname=uraninite&region=germany

random notes, ideas

concrete channeling/fluid logic

- each heaps operate as extended noisy logic gates eg. stack materials allow different flows/ diversion of liquids or changes in mass and chained to next heap stack (stack frame heap relations played out)

eg. cement channels made with dilute sulphuric acid (studio tests) - return to earth, or buried → local collapses

eg channeling w. rock softening plants http://www.geopolymer.org/fichiers_pdf/CemPlant.pdf

- flows

collect leachates, poisons, toxic for
top down toxic flow
using resistant plates (stone, metal, plastic) to direct flows
allow mixing aeration and watering from heath/bog (eg. weak carbonic acid (rainwater) in pumps, mist sprays) (reaction w. pyrite && chalcopyrite > acid solutions of sulfuric, ferrous, ferric, and copper sulphates)
construct spiked elements as platforms for drying/residue flows
(residue tasting)

see also fluid logic but could simply imitate stack pull/push somehow:

fluid logic links

basic XOR/AND: http://www.blikstein.com/paulo/projects/project_water.html

bubble bits (also chemical payloads): http://web.media.mit.edu/~manup/research/bubble-logic/

eg. concrete/earth 3D versionings of http://web.media.mit.edu/%7Emanup/research/bubble-logic/images/NOT-ANDgate.jpg and http://web.media.mit.edu/%7Emanup/research/bubble-logic/images/AND-OR.jpg where different flows executed with sloped channels

also concrete forms inserted in water flows (stream, sewage outflows)

peltier-esque

- magnetic field generation incl. environmental peltier - ore layers (eg. manganese silicate) combined w. lightning or (much weaker) earth (telluric) batteries → thermo-emf ('cold spots')/cloud detector orig. peltier was bismuth/antimony and copper wires > small rock ore versionings > [cyano]bacteria added (differentials in temps)

bio-leaching

- bioleaching/biomining - chelating/sequestering heavy metals see http://www.pcbfab.com/waste-treatment/ - link w. algae/plants - mustard plants, alpine pennycress (Thlaspi caerulescens for nickel, zinc & cadmium etc, for uranium add citrate to soil (https://www.ars.usda.gov/is/AR/archive/jun00/soil0600.htm) - also see http://melchin.org/oeuvre/revival-field && https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thlaspi), hemp, pigweed (see https://www.ars.usda.gov/is/AR/archive/jun00/soil0600.htm: “One species, a pigweed called Amaranthus retroflexus, was up to 40 times more effective than others tested in removing radiocesium from soil. We were able to remove 3 percent of the total amount in just one 3-month growing season” && https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phytoremediation) - with fungi: Aspergillus niger, Penicillium simplicissimum

bacteria http://www.spaceship-earth.org/REM/Naeveke.htm

bacteria suppliers: http://www.ncimb.com/ (£200+) http://www.dsmz.de (200 euros+)

- Thiobacillus ferrooxidans (T. ferrooxidans) operate at 2 to 37 °C (growth rate incr. 50% every 6°C) - useful on low grade Pyrite, Chalcopyrite, Chalcocite, Sphalerite (source: http://etheses.bham.ac.uk/238/1/Jonglertjunya03PhD.pdf)

- Funghi of genera Aspergillus and Penicillium incl. the removal of silica from bauxite by using Bacillus mucilaginosus and Bacillus polymyxa, and the solubilisation of aluminum from alumino-silicates by Asperillus niger

bacteria & electricity: http://www.nrl.navy.mil/code6900/bug/ and http://opensourceecology.org/wiki/Microbial_Fuel_Cells

heap leaching

for oxide/sulphide ores

natural - rainwater (weak carbonic acid) percolation && precipitation (eg. iron oxide, calcium sulphate, ferrous sulphate)(along with enzyme/cyanobacteria actvity) - eg. pyrites/copper sulphide minerals piled in open air and left exposed over months to rain/air provokes oxidation and dissolution of copper.

ferric sulphate 1,2,10g/l eg. over chalcopyrite
sulphuric acid - 5% chalcopyrite to sulphuric acid (w/v)(eg. 25g/500ml)

(cyanide/sulphuric acid): http://www.ausenco.com/uploads/papers/64041_Heap_Leach_Pad_Design_and_Construction_Practices_in_the_21st_Century.pdf
http://www.euromines.org/sites/default/files/content/files/mining-techniques/batforheapleaching-feb2013-c.zanbak-euromines.pdf
heap history/construction/lab testing (Cynanide) http://www.kcareno.com/pdfs/mpd_heap_leach_desn_and_practice_07apr02.pdf
http://technology.infomine.com/reviews/heapleachpads/welcome.asp?view=full
Georgio di Agricola's (1557) 40 day heap leaching (alum)

small scale heap leaching

industry standard consultants - open access papers on various small scale heap leaching techniques http://www.kcareno.com/index.php/about-us-mainmenu-92/professional-papers-mainmenu-96 eg. http://www.kcareno.com/pdfs/Leaching_of_Small_Gold_Silver_Deposits.pdf

training manual http://www.globalmercuryproject.org/documents/non_country%20specific/training%20manual%20for%20miners%20Marcello%2015.pdf

patio process

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patio_process

general pit compost howto's

http://www.omick.net/ incl. eg. http://www.omick.net/graywater/graywater.htm

general mining howtos

manual_for_small_scale_miners.pdf

general

- bio-sump - some kind of processing that outputs can be taken… not (necessarily) as cycling/oscillating process - filters can be diy 'rock' mixes

- stack micromorphologies - thin sections of stack/heaps for eg. petrographic microscopy (Leuphana Geology Dept.) - finer resolution of human interventions - framing indeterminancy

- Lüneburger Heide (Heath): juniper, agriculture, hilltops (100m+), lightning

- growing plants in free silicon

- http://ancient-origins.net/ancient-places-asia/mysterious-gobekli-tepe-inturkey-00186 stones set out then buried

Testing/analysis

refining/precipitation:

- bicycle wheel centrifuge

- diy retorts eg. pyrex bowl

- bucket test leaches:

1 pt. sodium hyperchlorite (bleach) and 2 pts. Hcl (33%) > submerge (gold) stock/ore > gold(III) chloride (opt. > precipitate with sodium metabisulphate in water (= sodium bisulphate), leave until brown powder settles, etc)

stack frame heap:

stack is push/pull when we call a function
frame (frame stack or stack frame) can be storage for meta-information (eg. stack pointer) or is frame in stack
heap is for temporary strings, lists

eg. http://net.pku.edu.cn/~course/cs101/2008/resource/heapAndStack.html

see: matte (1st stage pre-metal refining), metal (refined), slag (waste/heap leach) - mix of push (crush material int smaller bits) && pull (extract) techniques

mine and garden

saltpeter beds, putrefication, urine: http://salt.org.il/frame_saltpet.html (also mentions tunnels)

see also: http://umeshmadan.wordpress.com/tag/saltpeter-history/ (ref also black death)

sodium chloride brine stacks/seeps

University of Leuphana Depts.

All http://www.leuphana.de/en/faculties-institutes.html

Institute of Sustainable and Environmental Chemistry http://www.leuphana.de/en/institute/iec.html

Institute of Ecology http://www.leuphana.de/en/institute/ie.html

FuturES: Research Centre for Futures of Ecosystem Services http://www.leuphana.de/en/zentren/futures.html

References

Dictionary of Mining http://www.maden.hacettepe.edu.tr/dmmrt/index.html

Agricola eg. De Re Metallica IX: 404-407

Sanskrit/Tibetan texts

Golbekli stones set out then buried http://ancient-origins.net/ancient-places-asia/mysterious-gobekli-tepe-inturkey-00186

Stalker Death of Tarkovsky etc attributed to toxicity of Zone location

Table of Contents

schedule/M+J dates

locations/field trips

Quarries (steinbruchen)

field trips/schedule

To visit:

Erzgebirge: